USAPL

Military-Police-Firefighter Nationals

March 19, 2022GA, USA72 lifters
Best DOTS
Best total

Women · Raw · Bench only · -75 kg · FR-M2

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.65—6567.570—67.567.38

Women · Raw · Bench only · -75 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.65—6567.570—67.567.38

Women · Raw · Bench only · -75 kg · FR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.65—6567.570—67.567.38

Women · Raw · Bench only · 100+ kg · FR-M3

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Paulette CalhounUSA102.65—7582.587.5—82.569.70

Women · Raw · Bench only · 100+ kg · FR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Paulette CalhounUSA102.65—7582.587.5—82.569.70

Women · Raw · Push-pull · -67.5 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Heather GrinkleyUSA65.88—87.59092.5167.5170172.5265277.49

Women · Raw · Push-pull · -75 kg · FR-M2

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.65—6567.570100105107.5175174.70

Women · Raw · Push-pull · -75 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.65—6567.570100105107.5175174.70

Women · Raw · Deadlift only · -75 kg · FR-M2

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.65——100105107.5107.5107.31

Women · Raw · Deadlift only · -75 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.65——100105107.5107.5107.31

Women · Raw · -52 kg · FR-M1

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Lacy KingUSA51.0597.597.5102.557.56065130135135292.5361.15

Women · Raw · -52 kg · FR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Lacy KingUSA51.0597.597.5102.557.56065130135135292.5361.15

Women · Raw · -60 kg · FR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Angela KalogerasUSA59.34130137.5137.567.572.577.5142.5150155352.5393.51
2Ann PhamUSA59.5911512012547.55052.5132.5140147.5315350.71
3Brandee Lymon-RodriguezUSA59.6682.587.597.5505560125132.5137.5280311.51

Women · Raw · -60 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Angela KalogerasUSA59.34130137.5137.567.572.577.5142.5150155352.5393.51
2Ann PhamUSA59.5911512012547.55052.5132.5140147.5315350.71
3Brandee Lymon-RodriguezUSA59.6682.587.597.5505560125132.5137.5280311.51

Women · Raw · -67.5 kg · FR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Briana QuintanaUSA65.83160160167.587.592.595160167.5175435455.70
2Heather GrinkleyUSA65.88137.5140142.587.59092.5167.5170172.5407.5426.70
3Leisha SchiessUSA65.4285909057.562.562.5150157.5160305320.69
4Larissa GehringUSA67.48592.597.547.552.55595102.5110260268.65

Women · Raw · -67.5 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Briana QuintanaUSA65.83160160167.587.592.595160167.5175435455.70
2Heather GrinkleyUSA65.88137.5140142.587.59092.5167.5170172.5407.5426.70
3Leisha SchiessUSA65.4285909057.562.562.5150157.5160305320.69
4Larissa GehringUSA67.48592.597.547.552.55595102.5110260268.65

Women · Raw · -75 kg · FR-Jr

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Haya KelaniUSA73.16137.5140157.567.572.577.5150165175387.5382.46

Women · Raw · -75 kg · FR-M2

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.657580806567.570100105107.5250249.57

Women · Raw · -75 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Joy BlackUSA71.657580806567.570100105107.5250249.57

Women · Raw · -75 kg · FR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Haya KelaniUSA73.16137.5140157.567.572.577.5150165175387.5382.46

Women · Raw · -82.5 kg · FR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Kayla WashingtonUSA82.51101151157072.575137.5145147.5330306.28

Women · Raw · -82.5 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Kayla WashingtonUSA82.51101151157072.575137.5145147.5330306.28

Women · Raw · -90 kg · FR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Regina VaresioUSA88.99127.5135142.5707577.5142.5150162.5380340.48

Women · Raw · -90 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Regina VaresioUSA88.99127.5135142.5707577.5142.5150162.5380340.48

Women · Raw · -100 kg · FR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Rachel MartinCanada97.03122.5127.5132.572.58080155157.5165367.5317.38

Women · Raw · -100 kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Rachel MartinCanada97.03122.5127.5132.572.58080155157.5165367.5317.38

Women · Raw · 100+ kg · FR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Mindy LunsfordUSA102.01125125125808590132.5140145355300.63

Women · Raw · 100+ kg · FR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Mindy LunsfordUSA102.01125125125808590132.5140145355300.63

Women · Wraps · -82.5 kg · FW-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
DQCarmen NegronUSA81.09102.5102.5102.56567.572.5130142.5150——

Women · Wraps · -82.5 kg · FW-T3

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
DQCarmen NegronUSA81.09102.5102.5102.56567.572.5130142.5150——

Women · Wraps · -100 kg · FW-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Kimberly CollinsUSA99.93102.511011572.577.580125132.5145340290.22

Women · Wraps · -100 kg · FW-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Kimberly CollinsUSA99.93102.511011572.577.580125132.5145340290.22

Men · Raw · Bench only · -67.5 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Benjamin LeUSA67.4—125132.5137.5—137.5106.09

Men · Raw · Bench only · -67.5 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Benjamin LeUSA67.4—125132.5137.5—137.5106.09

Men · Raw · Bench only · -82.5 kg · MR-M3

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1John SlackUSA81.66—135142.5145—142.597.09

Men · Raw · Bench only · -82.5 kg · MR-M5

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Eugene WeissUSA77.97—5052.557.5—57.540.26

Men · Raw · Bench only · -82.5 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1John SlackUSA81.66—135142.5145—142.597.09
2Eugene WeissUSA77.97—5052.557.5—57.540.26

Men · Raw · Bench only · -110 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael DudleyUSA105.7—182.5232.5242.5—242.5145.86

Men · Raw · Bench only · -110 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael DudleyUSA105.7—182.5232.5242.5—242.5145.86

Men · Raw · Bench only · -110 kg · MR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael DudleyUSA105.7—182.5232.5242.5—242.5145.86

Men · Single-ply · Bench only · -110 kg · M-M2

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1William ThackerUSA109.35—242.5250257.5—250148.40

Men · Single-ply · Bench only · -110 kg · M-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1William ThackerUSA109.35—242.5250257.5—250148.40

Men · Raw · Push-pull · -90 kg · MR-Jr

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Fernando WickerUSA89.4—102.5102.5102.5145207.5240342.5222.21

Men · Raw · Push-pull · -90 kg · MR-M2

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Mark ValdezUSA90—100107.5115200210225340219.84

Men · Raw · Push-pull · -90 kg · MR-M3

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1John PrestaUSA88.25—100105105155185185255166.54

Men · Raw · Push-pull · -90 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Fernando WickerUSA89.4—102.5102.5102.5145207.5240342.5222.21

Men · Raw · Push-pull · -100 kg · MR-M1

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Jason PierceUSA91.4—125137.5140185205222.5360230.99

Men · Raw · Deadlift only · -67.5 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Kendall WashingtonUSA67.27——245262.5262.5245189.30

Men · Raw · Deadlift only · -67.5 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Kendall WashingtonUSA67.27——245262.5262.5245189.30

Men · Raw · Deadlift only · -90 kg · MR-M3

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1John PrestaUSA88.25——155185185155101.23

Men · Raw · Deadlift only · -90 kg · MR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1John PrestaUSA88.25——155185185155101.23

Men · Raw · -56 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael GordianoUSA54.84130140150120125130162.5175182.5450410.35
1Michael GordianoUSA54.84130140150120125130162.5175182.5450410.35

Men · Raw · -60 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
DQRonaldo GasparUSA59.18142.5142.5142.5100100100175175175——

Men · Raw · -60 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
DQRonaldo GasparUSA59.18142.5142.5142.5100100100175175175——

Men · Raw · -67.5 kg · MR-Jr

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Brandon NguyenUSA65.86137.515016592.597.5100215230242.5507.5398.27

Men · Raw · -67.5 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Brandon NguyenUSA65.86137.515016592.597.5100215230242.5507.5398.27

Men · Raw · -67.5 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Kendall WashingtonUSA67.27197.5210210127.5132.5135245262.5262.5587.5453.93
2Benjamin LeUSA67.4192.5200202.5125132.5137.5202.5207.5210545420.51

Men · Raw · -75 kg · MR-Jr

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Clarence ValeloUSA74.16200205210120125127.5200207.5212.5547.5395.64

Men · Raw · -75 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Derreck RadzieskiUSA74.42230230242.5140147.5152.5250265272.5655472.26
2DanAngelo CabalUSA72.56202.5212.5220142.5150152.5255267.5280630461.83
3Kyle MorrisUSA73.48207.5215222.5142.5147.5155230237.5240617.5448.91
4James RamadhanUSA70.4182.5190200135140145190200215555415.25
5Clarence ValeloUSA74.16200205210120125127.5200207.5212.5547.5395.64

Men · Raw · -75 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Derreck RadzieskiUSA74.42230230242.5140147.5152.5250265272.5655472.26
2DanAngelo CabalUSA72.56202.5212.5220142.5150152.5255267.5280630461.83
3Kyle MorrisUSA73.48207.5215222.5142.5147.5155230237.5240617.5448.91
4James RamadhanUSA70.4182.5190200135140145190200215555415.25
5Benjamin HeywardUSA74.06150150165115120122.5195200205475343.55

Men · Raw · -75 kg · MR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Benjamin HeywardUSA74.06150150165115120122.5195200205475343.55

Men · Raw · -82.5 kg · MR-Jr

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Ray HeiserUSA79.21205215217.5135145145245257.5270607.5421.37
2Mitchell GloverUSA79.27200210217.5145150160217.5225235602.5417.72

Men · Raw · -82.5 kg · MR-M3

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1John SlackUSA81.66140150155135142.5145180190195492.5335.57

Men · Raw · -82.5 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Jalen NixUSA75.9225225235137.5145150220230242.5617.5439.67
2Ray HeiserUSA79.21205215217.5135145145245257.5270607.5421.37
3Mitchell GloverUSA79.27200210217.5145150160217.5225235602.5417.72
4Garrick SlackUSA81.94202.5207.5212.5145150150202.5212.5227.5565384.21
5Trevor BanaszakUSA82.15155167.5177.5117.5127.5132.5185197.5212.5507.5344.61
6Xavier RichardsonUSA77.0414014516095105105190207.5217.5457.5322.73

Men · Raw · -82.5 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Jalen NixUSA75.9225225235137.5145150220230242.5617.5439.67
2Ray HeiserUSA79.21205215217.5135145145245257.5270607.5421.37
3Mitchell GloverUSA79.27200210217.5145150160217.5225235602.5417.72
4Jordan PerryUSA81.51200212.5220142.5147.5152.5212.5227.5232.5597.5407.54
5Garrick SlackUSA81.94202.5207.5212.5145150150202.5212.5227.5565384.21
6Trevor BanaszakUSA82.15155167.5177.5117.5127.5132.5185197.5212.5507.5344.61
7Xavier RichardsonUSA77.0414014516095105105190207.5217.5457.5322.73

Men · Raw · -82.5 kg · MR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Jordan PerryUSA81.51200212.5220142.5147.5152.5212.5227.5232.5597.5407.54

Men · Raw · -90 kg · MR-Jr

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael KeithUSA87.05170180185100105110215230235520342.06

Men · Raw · -90 kg · MR-M1

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Aaron Evans #1USA83.4207.5215227.5140142.5147.5220232.5245595400.60
2Freddy HubbardUSA89.75150170185107.5120135180180217.5507.5328.61

Men · Raw · -90 kg · MR-M2

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Mark ValdezUSA90160175185100107.5115200210225525339.47

Men · Raw · -90 kg · MR-M3

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael ShannonUSA87.25130132.5132.5130135137.5140145147.5410269.37

Men · Raw · -90 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Cody GassmanUSA88.25237.5257.5265145157.5160282.5302.5315720470.24
2Craig JenkinsUSA89.25235247.5247.5165172.5177.5255272.5280685444.80
3Juan GodoyUSA89.55227.5235240137.5147.5152.5227.5242.5255647.5419.74
4Aaron Evans #1USA83.4207.5215227.5140142.5147.5220232.5245595400.60
5Albert GregoireUSA87.3170180187.5130135142.5222.5237.5250580380.95
6Brad DunnUSA89.35175182.5187.5127.5135137.5195215220545353.69
7Mark ValdezUSA90160175185100107.5115200210225525339.47
8Michael KeithUSA87.05170180185100105110215230235520342.06
9Freddy HubbardUSA89.75150170185107.5120135180180217.5507.5328.61
10Michael ShannonUSA87.25130132.5132.5130135137.5140145147.5410269.37

Men · Raw · -90 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Cody GassmanUSA88.25237.5257.5265145157.5160282.5302.5315720470.24
2Craig JenkinsUSA89.25235247.5247.5165172.5177.5255272.5280685444.80
3Juan GodoyUSA89.55227.5235240137.5147.5152.5227.5242.5255647.5419.74
4Michael ClementsUSA89.3227.5240245152.5157.5162.5227.5242.5245645418.71
5Albert GregoireUSA87.3170180187.5130135142.5222.5237.5250580380.95
6Brad DunnUSA89.35175182.5187.5127.5135137.5195215220545353.69
7Freddy HubbardUSA89.75150170185107.5120135180180217.5507.5328.61

Men · Raw · -90 kg · MR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael ClementsUSA89.3227.5240245152.5157.5162.5227.5242.5245645418.71
2Aaron Evans #1USA83.4207.5215227.5140142.5147.5220232.5245595400.60
3Freddy HubbardUSA89.75150170185107.5120135180180217.5507.5328.61

Men · Raw · -100 kg · MR-M1

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Chad CarlsonUSA99.7185205227.5160175185205237.5260672.5414.47
2Jason PierceUSA91.4145162.5175125137.5140185205222.5535343.28
3Keven MooreUSA98.7165167.5167.5137.5150150170190210495306.43

Men · Raw · -100 kg · MR-M4

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Steve PicattiUSA99.613514515087.5105110175182.5187.5432.5266.67

Men · Raw · -100 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Cyler AndersonUSA97.9257.5270270155165175250262.5272.5707.5439.56
2Chad CarlsonUSA99.7185205227.5160175185205237.5260672.5414.47
3Daniel Russell #5USA98210215230152.5160165232.5232.5250645400.55
4Jason PierceUSA91.4145162.5175125137.5140185205222.5535343.28
5Andrew DoernerUSA93142.5150165137.5137.5140152.5165170472.5300.63
DQDaniel Lopez #12USA94.6217.5230230145150150215225225——
DQChristopher DeWittUSA99.3120130142.5120130130187.5192.5197.5——

Men · Raw · -100 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Cyler AndersonUSA97.9257.5270270155165175250262.5272.5707.5439.56
2Quentin White #2USA99.3202.5202.5227.5162.5175187.5245265285700432.18
3Daniel Russell #5USA98210215230152.5160165232.5232.5250645400.55
4Jasheem FourcellUSA91.95185185200130135140230245260600383.86
5Andrew DoernerUSA93142.5150165137.5137.5140152.5165170472.5300.63
DQDaniel Lopez #12USA94.6217.5230230145150150215225225——
DQChristopher DeWittUSA99.3120130142.5120130130187.5192.5197.5——

Men · Raw · -100 kg · MR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Quentin White #2USA99.3202.5202.5227.5162.5175187.5245265285700432.18
2Jasheem FourcellUSA91.95185185200130135140230245260600383.86
3Keven MooreUSA98.7165167.5167.5137.5150150170190210495306.43
4Steve PicattiUSA99.613514515087.5105110175182.5187.5432.5266.67

Men · Raw · -110 kg · MR-Jr

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Brandon DavisUSA103.3152.5167.5182.5120127.5135247.5262.5265557.5338.47

Men · Raw · -110 kg · MR-M1

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Shane MullenUSA102.15200212.5225125132.5142.5212.5225232.5592.5361.40

Men · Raw · -110 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael BattaglinoUSA105220230235140145150245260275650392.01
2Hans GuiUSA103.9185200212.5162.5175185230245260647.5392.18
3Shane MullenUSA102.15200212.5225125132.5142.5212.5225232.5592.5361.40
4Brandon DavisUSA103.3152.5167.5182.5120127.5135247.5262.5265557.5338.47

Men · Raw · -110 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Michael BattaglinoUSA105220230235140145150245260275650392.01
2Hans GuiUSA103.9185200212.5162.5175185230245260647.5392.18

Men · Raw · -110 kg · MR-PF

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Shane MullenUSA102.15200212.5225125132.5142.5212.5225232.5592.5361.40

Men · Raw · -125 kg · MR-M1

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Christopher AllenUSA121.55172.5172.5182.5165172.5177.5235245260605345.99

Men · Raw · -125 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Enrique InfanteUSA122.75240260272.5165175182.5240260272.5707.5403.31
2Keith GreenUSA114.4230230245147.5155160250270287.5692.5404.30
3Daniel TurnerUSA116.05195212.5217.5125132.5137.5235255272.5627.5364.51
4Christopher AllenUSA121.55172.5172.5182.5165172.5177.5235245260605345.99

Men · Raw · -125 kg · MR-O

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Enrique InfanteUSA122.75240260272.5165175182.5240260272.5707.5403.31
2Keith GreenUSA114.4230230245147.5155160250270287.5692.5404.30
3Daniel TurnerUSA116.05195212.5217.5125132.5137.5235255272.5627.5364.51
4Christopher AllenUSA121.55172.5172.5182.5165172.5177.5235245260605345.99

Men · Raw · -140 kg · MR-Jr

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Derek ManaligodUSA135.8192.5207.5227.5122.5127.5137.5225240250615339.96

Men · Raw · -140 kg · MR-MO

#LifterBodyweightSquatBench pressDeadliftTotalDOTS
1Derek ManaligodUSA135.8192.5207.5227.5122.5127.5137.5225240250615339.96

Data: OpenPowerlifting (public domain), updated daily. CoachForce is not affiliated with OpenPowerlifting.